Lord of the Flies – Piggy, Ralph, and Jack

Lord of the Flies: Piggy, Ralph, and Simon During English class, the eighth graders read Lord of the Flies. It is an adventurous novel about a group of school boys trying to survive on a lonely island. Each of the boys has their own personality and goals. While struggling to survive on the island, the boys' personalities show. My favorite character is Piggy. Piggy is a fat boy and wears glasses. He was raised by his aunt who owns a candy shop. Piggy represents the scientific, reasonable side of society.Although he is quite smart, the other boys like to make fun of him. All of the boys, that is, except Ralph. Ralph is another boy who is stranded on the island. Ralph is the athletic, charming character in the group. He is the first person Piggy runs into when they get to the island, and one of the few boys who do not make fun of him. Because of his kindness, he is elected leader of the group of boys. Ralph represents human beings’ civilizing instinct. Another one of my favorite characters is Simon. Simon is the shy, sensitive boy in Lord of the Flies.He behaves kindly toward the other kids. He is the only character whose sense of morality seems to stay the same. Simon represents a kind of natural goodness, as opposed to the evil of Jack and the imposed morality of Piggy. As all three of the boys are trying to survive, each of them have their own ideas, proven by their different roles. Each of them have their own thoughts, proven by the many arguments between each other. As every boy has his own personality, Piggy, Ralph, and Jack are my favorites.

Employment Law: Equal Pay for women in the workplace

Research Question Has the Equality Act 2010 improved the way women are treated within the workplace with respect to equal pay? Hypothesis Statement The pre-existing struggles that women have been faced with in regards to equal pay have not been addressed by the recent reforms within this area. This is because, although the Equality Act 2010 was welcomed as a vehicle for the radical reform of equal pay, women are still treated less favourable than men. Accordingly, the problems that arose from the Equal Pay Act 1970 are still in existence and so further reform is needed if inequality is to be eradicated. Case Law Abdulla and others v Birmingham City Council [2013] 1 All ER 649 Allen v GMB [2008] EWCA Civ 810 Bates van Winkelhof v Clyde & Co LLP and another [2013] 1 All ER 844 Blackburn v West Midlands Police [2008] All ER (D) 50 (Nov) Defrenne v Sabena (No 2) Case C-t3/75 [1976] ECR 455 Eaton Ltd v Nuttall [1977] ICR 272 Enderby v Frenchay Health Authority Case Case C-127/92 [1993] ECR I – 5535 Redcar & Cleveland BC v Bainbridge; Surtees v Middlesbrough BC [2008] All ER (D) 386 (Jul) Ideas for Methodology Approach In undertaking the research for this study, both a quantitative and qualitative approach will be undertaken so that a comprehensive analysis can be made. Both primary and secondary research will therefore be adopted by looking at various academic opinions, relevant legal rules, theories and principles. This will be done by accessing text books, journal articles, online legal databases and governmental reports. These can be accessed by undertaking a library search as well online databases such as Lexis Nexis and Westlaw. Reference to Relevant Legal Theory and Social Policy Implications The rights of women and men to receive equal pay has been subject to continuous debate for some time and the fact that women are still being discriminated against in the workplace suggests that the law cannot â€Å"effect genuine equality† (Smart, 1989, p. 3). This has serious social policy implications since it is made clear under s. 11 of the 2010 Act that discrimination on the grounds of a person’s sex is a protected characteristic and is therefore prohibited. Article 14 of the European Convention of Human Rights 1951, as incorporated by the Human Rights Act 1998, also protects women from being discriminated against within the workplace. Nevertheless, the fact that many organisations fail to treat men and women the same when it comes to equal pay suggests that the law is unable to protect women from discriminatory treatment within the workplace. As put by Rhode (1990, p. 617); â€Å"gender equality cannot be obtained under existing ideological institutional structur es.† This causes legal implications in respect of equal pay and fails to allow equality for all to be attained (Wacks, 2012, p. 305). Relevant Books, Journals and Reports Baker, N. The Equality Act 2010. Company Secretary’s Review, Tolley’s Practical Business Fortnightly for Companies. 34 CSR 13, 102, Issue 13, (2010). Bamforth, N. Malik, M. and Cinneide, O. Discrimination Law: Theory and Context, Text and Materials, Sweet & Maxwell Ltd, 1st Edition, (2008). Connolly, M. Discrimination Law: Victimisation, Industrial Law Journal, ILJ 2002 31 (156) (2), Issue 2, (01 June, 2002). European Industrial Relations Review. Report on Gender Pay Gap, 388 European Industrial Relations Review 28, (2006). Equality and Human Rights Commission,.Equal Pay’ Creating a Fairer Britain, (2010), [available] from accessed 06 May, 2013. Pigott, C. Employment: A Step Change for Equality, New Law Journal, 160 NLJ 749, Issue 7419, (28 May, 2010). Pigott, C. Employment: Justifying Unequal Pay, New Law Journal, 159 NLJ 55, Issue 7352, (16 January, 2009). Wilson, D. Playing Fair, Pay & Benefits, 38. Issue 7, (2010). Rowbottom, D. Re-Inventing the Collective Approach to Equal Pay, 155 New Law Journal 1701. Issue 7200, (2005). Smart, C. (1989) Feminism and the Power of the Law, London, Routledge. Smith, I. and Baker, A. Smith & Wood’s Employment Law. OUP Oxford. 10th Edition, (2010). TUC. ‘The Union Makes Us Strong: TUC History Online’ [available] from accessed 05 May, 2013. Wacks, R., (2012) Understanding Jurisprudence: An Introduction to Legal Theory, OUP Oxford, 3rd Edition.

Manas National Park or Manas Wildlife Sanctuary Essay

Manas National Park or Manas Wildlife Sanctuary is a Wildlife Sanctuary, UNESCO Natural World Heritage site, a Project Tiger Reserve, an Elephant Reserve and a Biosphere Reserve in Assam, India. Located in the Himalayan foothills, it is contiguous with the Royal Manas National park in Bhutan. The park is known for its rare and endangered endemic wildlife such as the Assam Roofed Turtle, Hispid Hare, Golden Langur and Pygmy Hog. Their goal is to be able to fully fund the preservation and keep the sanctuary alive and thriving for many years to come. This is an effort that will take everyone that is involved help. One particular ecological uniqueness is the vegetation: The Burma Monsoon Forests of Manas lie on the borders between the Indo-Gangetic and Indo-Malayan biogeographical realms and is part of the Brahmaputra Valley Biogeographic Province. The combination of Sub-Himalayan Bhabar Terai formation with riverine succession leading up to Sub-Himalayan mountain forest makes it one of the richest biodiversity areas in the world. The main vegetation types are: Sub-Himalayan Light Alluvial Semi-Evergreen forests in the northern parts. * East Himalayan mixed Moist and Dry Deciduous forests (the most common type). * Low Alluvial Savanna Woodland, and * Assam Valley Semi-Evergreen Alluvial Grasslands which cover almost 50% of the Park. Animals in the sanctuary: * The sanctuary has recorded 55 species of mammals, 380 species of birds, 50 of reptiles, and 3 species of amphibians. Out of these wildlife, 21 mammals are India’s Schedule I mammals and 31 of them are threatened. The fauna of the sanctuary include Asian Elephants Indian Rhinoceros, Gaurs, Asian Water Buffaloes, Barasingha, Tigers, Leopards, Clouded Leopards, Asian golden cat, Capped Langurs, Golden Langurs, Assamese Macaques, Slow Loris, Hoolock Gibbons, Smooth-coated Otters, Sloth Bears, Barking Deer, Hog Deer, Sambar Deer and Chital. * The park is well known for its rare and endangered wildlife which is not found anywhere else in the world like the Assam Roofed Turtle, Hispid Hare, Golden Langur and Pygmy Hog. Manas houses about 380 species of birds. Manas have the largest population of endangered Bengal Florican. The major other birds includes Giant Hornbills, Jungle Fowls, Bulbuls, Brahminy Ducks, Kalij Pheasants, Egrets, Pelicans, Fishing Eagles, Serpent Eagles, Falcons, Scarlet Minivets, Bee-Eaters, Magpie Robins, Pied Hornbills, Grey Hornbills, Mergansers, Harriers, Ospreys and Herons. Two major biomes exist in Manas and they are the grassland biome and the forest biome. The biological interrelationship among the life forms in the area pretty much coexists with each other as anywhere else in the world where there are predators and prey but with the help of people to govern their environment a little bit so that the species survive and don’t become extinct. Their was quite a bit of human intrusions precisely a century ago the British Government declared Manas as a protected area and hunting and killing of wildlife was banned. In 1928, the name Manas Wildlife Sanctuary was inscribed and by 1955 Manas was approximately 391sq kms large. Manas Wildlife Sanctuary was declared as a Tiger Reserve in 1973; which was amongst the first in the country and was also declared as the World Heritage site under the N (ii) (iii) (iv) in the year 1985. In 1989, the status of â€Å"Biosphere Reserve† was also granted to Manas. In the year 1990, the center declared this region as â€Å"Manas National Park†. A lot of effort has been made and achievements such as at least 47 poachers around the Manas National Park surrendered to MMES their hand made guns. MMES have employed most of these ex-poachers as guards paying them monthly salaries. MMES also established the MMCA or the Conservation Area which the society is responsible for. Constructing roads and bridges in the area and maintenance of these roads for the past few years have been solely the MMMES achievements. Domestic as well as foreign tourists visit the place and eco-tourism is gaining momentum. MES is eagerly looking for donations so that their enthusiasm and willingness to support conservation takes a materialistic path. Most of the times MMES is in need of funding and they depend on the tourists or contributors to help them financially. If Manas revives back to a stable state which I think is quite possible, MMES would have played a herculean role in this effort. In fact, the Maozigendri boys are an example for the youth of this country to step forward and protect Mother Nature who is most vulnerable to destruction. The Manas Maozigendri Eco-tourism society stands tall as an exemplary organization with a lot of passion and tremendous wildlife conservation values. So we as that people began to participate and support our wildlife preservations and the diversity of the area. Preservation through Communication Preservation through communication can be reached through publications, newsletters and community and outreach activities. Teaming up with Wilderness Committee’s to host an educational slideshows. Things like this can be very informative for example â€Å"Over 50 people came out to listen to Caribou Biologist, Dave Quinn, discuss one of BC’s most endangered species. Over 700 people attended the Hyde Creek Salmon Festival in November and NWPS was one of the many environmental groups in attendance.   They provided a relevant presentation about wildlife as a feature of the festival. Thanks to a large number of volunteers, NWPS is able to continually update their website to provide current, interesting information. Through their ‘Passion for Wildlife’ program they engage a number of people in the preparation of educational information about the wildlife they seek to preserve. Each year many members of the public visit this website to access current information about its wildlife education and habitat stewardship programs, as well as up to date information about wildlife in British Columbia. †¢ Preservation through Education Another way is through education through the Wildlife Education Programs in schools, language centers, seniors’ homes and community centers throughout the region. Through these programs people will be provided with information on wildlife in BC, endangered species and environmental issues. Each year they provide an entertaining and informative wildlife presentation for over 700 school-aged children. †¢ Preservation through Involvement The NWPS had launched the Nature Walk & Workshop Program in 2005. Seven classes from the Lower Mainland participated in the Nature Workshop program and visited one of the following natural areas: Lighthouse Park, Bear Creek Park, Capilano River Park, or Burnaby Lake Park.   Through this program, students learn about wildlife, visit wildlife habitats and participate in stewardship activities. Many individuals visit natural spaces and learned about wildlife in BC through their Owl Prowl field trips and a special Earth day program. †¢ Preservation through Stewardship Having the community to assist in the preservation through stewardship in another avenue. In celebration of Earth Day 2005, NWPS hosted a trail restoration event in Deep Cove, BC. Over 20 volunteers and community members assisted the District of North Vancouver Parks Department by helping restore a section of the popular Baden-Powell trail. At the end of the day, our team had built an 11-step staircase on the trail and had planted many tree seedlings Animal Rescue Calendar – Supporting Animal Rescue Groups Supporting animal rescue groups is a very good way to support preservation. This year NWPS produced a TISOL Animal Rescue Calendar. They reached another 5,000 people and cemented working relationships with over 12 groups. They have planned for this campaign to break-even for this year and have established a platform for greater success in the future. †¢ Outreach Funding – Support from Communities Annual outreach campaigns can reach people out of your arm reach. And you do this by asking them to engage in supporting the environment through our education programs. If intrusion goes unchecked the lost for the preservation will be great. We really have to look at the big picture here when we see this because it is not a small problem, to some it may be but this kind of intrusion could cause many species to become extinct. Can you imagine ten years from now not being able to show your child, or grandchildren what a Bengal Tiger looks like. I mean to literally not be able to visit the zoo and have to tell you child that this particular animal no longer exists. This will happen to many species if certain precautions are not takes. Wildlife is just as valuable as our own; it creates a balance here on this earth. Reference http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/338 http://www.wild-india.com/WildlifeSanctuaries/manas-wild-sanctuary.html

Why i want to be a Nurse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why i want to be a Nurse - Essay Example After I graduated from paramedic school in 1997, I became an EMT paramedic and continued for a few years there. There, I realized that my career was grinding to a standstill as there was a limit to which I could learn and grow professionally. Further, I like challenges and the job duties and responsibilities there were not satisfying enough. Once I realized that I was hitting a ceiling of sorts, I decided to apply to join nursing school. I feel very comfortable being a healthcare provider and thus would like to state my professional goals as being part of the intensive care unit or surgical nursing. I have great regard for cardiac surgery and I would say that being in cardiac nursing would be immensely gratifying for me. Lastly, I would like to state that my experience as a paramedic has given me a solid foundation and my courses in the nursing school have helped me build on that. I have developed skills that would help me in being a nurse and I am fascinated by the healthcare sector and the knowledge that comes along with it. I look forward to a fulfilling career with your

Public Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Public Policy - Essay Example Using a given set of models for test against determination of the level of interest amongst the masses and enabling the identification of problems is made possible through the different models that are used in the entire course of agenda setting. Key words: Agenda setting, evaluation, agenda building, models, rule making, bureaucracy. Agenda setting defines the content and subject of material that would be published and promoted in the media. This further includes prioritization and characterization of information which may be displayed and published in a given order. Keeping the public’s view in sight and publishing the material according to the requirements of modern day and problems faced is determined through the agenda setting. Agenda setting also entails the budget allocation, the activities determination, the standard operating procedures that would be adopted along with the clear roles and responsibilities assignment on behalf of the people associated with the media an d the government agencies who administer over the policies. Bringing a uniform working pattern between the agenda setters and other stakeholders makes up for the agenda setting principles. Regardless of the nature of organization or entity, agenda setting is declaration of the purpose of operations, the aims and achievements underpinned against the work undertaken, and providing a level of familiarity to the clients in a direct or indirect manner. Agenda setting may also pertain to a particular organization, or political party’s manifesto determination and sharing with the masses and direct client of the respective entity. Formulating the steps for actions that would be taken in the entire course of project, activity or any other endeavor undertaken privately, collective or on government scale makes up for agenda setting. Political debates, political parties, political movements, other social movements and government actions and projects all are handled through the agenda set up (Peters, 179). A problem becomes the priority and part of agenda once it gains the attention of the media, and also causes uproar in the society. Based on this the governmental pillars and institutions are brought into action for the purpose of eradication of the problem faced by the masses. Or any problem that the government and other decision making units feel can hamper their performance or bring about the economy or people’s discontent with regard to the government’s office bearers and their performance makes up for the direct agenda and resolution seeking problem. Based on the experts opinion and reviewing of the material in newspapers and other media sources, the think tank teams determine the level of severity and action that needs to be undertaken for the purpose of problem solving. With regard to the public problems, agenda are set on basic of multiple steps. These steps include the strategies as well the use of concrete force, tool and application for the purpose of resolving the problems. A team and resources are allocated in first place to determine the overall nature f the problem. This is followed by the assessment and evaluation phase. Which may include the data collection, or strategy determination for the at hand problem. The assessment phase is guided along by

Self-assement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Self-assement - Essay Example My conclusion sums up the agreement of the three articles that the American tax systems, as well as inequality, are the main obstacles to the achievement of the American dream. Enthymeme helped me focus and structure my burden of proof in the concluding paragraph in several ways. Since I did not present evidence of how the American dream has been achieved, I had an obligation of highlighting specific factors that have hindered its achievement. For this reason, I selected articles that discuss the specific reasons for why the American dream is an illusion. In the third paragraph on page one, I highlighted Brandon King’s views in an effort to prove that the American dream is dead. Specifically, I highlighted the following concerning King’s views, â€Å"Another problem that many Americans are struggling with is the issue of inequality, whereby King argues that most of the American wealth is concentrated amongst the rich minority. He thinks the American dream is based on people’s individual perception, because success is determined by imaginations people have about it† (Page 1, paragraph 3). By highlighting King’s argument, I demonstrated how inequality has hindered the achievement of the American dream, a factor that is evident in my

Teacher Faculty meeting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Teacher Faculty meeting - Essay Example Keeping this in mind, I attended a teacher faculty meeting taking place in Jonas Salk Elementary School on October 16, 2014. The meeting was organized for kindergarten teachers working in this school. There were four professional female teachers: Mrs. Thompson, Mrs. Swift, Mrs. Jackson and Mrs. Jones. The meeting was initiated and organized by Mrs. Swift who considered it to be necessary to discuss and solve several issues concerning professional activity. Participants gathered to discuss relevant issues and challenges they faced. First of all, a lot of attention was given to the issue of special needs of random children and meeting them. General consent was reached in this point, as all the teachers stressed the importance of establishing and developing learning centers that would work as additional educational venues assisting children in their special needs. Moreover, teachers debated on setting unified one-level curriculum or multiple level curriculum for these centers. Although opinions ran 50:50 at first, the teachers eventually agreed upon multiple level curriculum as Mrs. Jones provided a reasonable argument. The argument was that a curriculum including several levels would enable adjusting to children’s needs more accurately, taking their level of cognitive and psychological development as well as their background and interests into account. Emphasis was also made on the problem of working with newly admitted Spanish children who have very poor English skills. The teachers discussed ways to approach such children with whom they aren’t able to communicate. As such children need to be taught equally, yet require special approach, the teachers made an attempt to solve a problem and develop a set of methods. For instance, it was suggested to organize a course of qualification improvement and training including Spanish classes for teachers. Furthermore, as one of the teachers, Mrs. Jackson, proved to have some primary language

Prepare a comparative analysis research paper on people whom you feel Essay

Prepare a comparative analysis research paper on people whom you feel are great business communicators, (e.g. Warren Buffet, Opr - Essay Example As a function of understanding this, the following research will focus upon the means whereby each of these leaders ascribe to the following communications strategies: captivation of listeners by tone and body language and the integration of a tailored/lasered message meant to engage the listener. Due to the fact that it would be foolish and shortsighted to minimize the extent to which key differences play into the process of leadership and communication development, this analysis will include a brief analysis within each of the following sections with regards to how the affected business leaders in question further help to differentiate themselves within such determinants. With respect to the Oprah Winfrey utilizes the first aspect of communication listed above, the observer can quickly note that Oprah herself provides a unique level of interest with regards to the subjects she discusses; acting as a prime motivator for how the shareholder views the product or the situation in quest ion. Rather than merely filling in every space with words, such as many individuals who have received their professional start in talk show hosting are prone to do, Oprah’s ultimate strength is her knowledge of when to allow a sense of effect to develop and when to continue on; when to utilize body language and when not to (Sellers 2002). Similarly, with respect to the second determinant listed above, Oprah exhibits that she understands full well the importance of tailoring and â€Å"lasering† her message to meet the given need within the allotted time frame. This is a skill that many might otherwise overlook; however, it is one of the utmost importance due to the fact that without the ability to target the given shareholder with identifiable and gripping information, no matter how important the subject or how great the need to increase sales might be, the message will doubtless appear flat and otherwise stale (Sweeny 2011). Comparatively, Steve Jobs, during his brief lifetime, utilized the body language as well as verbal imagery to engage shareholders with the excitement and uniqueness of Apple’s product designs. As a means of presenting himself as the sole individual on an otherwise empty stage and methodically yet engagingly discussing these products with both a physical and multimedia audience, Jobs was able to convey a sense of awe and excitement that would likely not have been engaged by a lesser CEO (Gallo 2011). With regards to the second determinant, Steve Jobs seemingly had a type of built-in understanding for the type of language that would grip the consumer and provide them with a sense of awe with regards to the given product. As a function of this, his communication style was not one that wandered from topic to topic during the few brief minutes which he engaged with the public. Rather, there was a direct point, key functionalities, and technical specifications that were related to the would-be user within terms that would no t frighten those that otherwise would not have a great deal of technical expertise or understanding (Cusumano 2011). This primary knowledge of the market with which he was ultimately engaging was the primal reason why Apple has become such a fixture of US technology and engineering that it is today. By realizing what the consumer needed relayed to

Reasearch Report on Global Warming - Myth or Reality Research Paper

Reasearch Report on Global Warming - Myth or Reality - Research Paper Example Yet, whether these changes can be attributed to or called ‘global warming’ is a difficult question. Apparently, the global warming theory is surrounded by controversy. This being said, a web research of the information and arguments relating to global warming was performed. The results of the web research suggest that global warming is a myth rather than reality, and the press coverage of global warming in the U.S. distracts public attention from the scientific evidence, which denies the existence of the global warming phenomenon. The goal, scope, and questions of research Global warming is one of the most popular objects of professional research. The press explores the meaning of global warming and its effects on the environment. Rising temperatures and changes in concentrations of carbon dioxide are believed to be reliable measures of global climate changes. In the meantime, more researchers begin to question the importance and even existence of the global warming phen omenon. The goal of this research was to decide whether or not global warming is real and realistic. The main question to answer was â€Å"Is global warming myth or reality?† Scholarly articles and book resources found on the web were used to answer the research question. Global warming: myth or reality? Global warming – myth or reality? – this is the question the public and research community are trying to answer. Books and articles provide a wealth of evidence supporting the relevance and existence of the global warming phenomenon. Temperature, sea level changes, and precipitation serve the main indicators of global warming (Maslin 23). Scientists use these indicators to estimate how the global climate changes under the influence of the industrial revolution (Maslin 23). Scientists were able to reconstruct changes in surface temperatures over the last 1,000 years – based on this information scientists produced a continuous record of temperatures, which indicate changes in surface temperatures of 0.74oC over the last 130 years (Maslin 25). The 20th century witnessed considerable fluctuations in temperature: the 1960s-1970s were the period of cooling (Maslin 25). However, generally, the planet is warming and even temperatures in the lower troposphere have been steadily increasing, approximately 0.1-0.2oC every ten years (Maslin 25). Global sea levels and precipitation are another two indicators used to judge the scope of the global warming phenomenon. The two most important precipitation data sets include the Global Historical Climate Network and Hulme (Maslin 30). It is noteworthy, that no definite global trends in precipitation have been found so far, but regional changes in precipitation are more than obvious (Maslin 30). North and South America experience significant increases in precipitation (Maslin 30). The seasonality of precipitation is changing, too (Maslin 30). Scientists observe long-term changes in precipitation in sout hern Africa and the Mediterranean (Maslin 30). The data on changes in sea levels adds to the body of evidence supporting global climate change: over the past 100 years, global sea levels have risen at least 12 cm (Maslin 31). Between 1961 and 2003, global sea levels were rising by almost 2 mm per year, and between 1993 and 2003, global sea levels steadily increased by 3.1 mm every year (Maslin 32). Scientists use

TAKING BUSINESS ABROAD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

TAKING BUSINESS ABROAD - Essay Example In the year 1991 Shopko got enlisted in New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "SKO". Shopko Inc was purchased by Sun Capital Partners Inc in December 2005, a leading investment firm who focuses on leveraged buyouts, equity, debt, and other investment in the leading companies. Before that in the year 1999, a regional discount chain called Pamida was purchased by Shopko. Pamida was a part of Shopko till the year 2007 as a separate division, but later got separated as an individual company. Now the company has its stores in 13 different states which include Northern California, Idaho, Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota, Montana, Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, Nebraska, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Wisconsin and Washington. In 2001, Shopko closedown few of its multidepartment stores which where situated in mid sized communities. The present slogan of the Shopko is â€Å"My life†¦my style†¦my store† and the slogan of Shopko Express pharmacy is â€Å"Every day. On the wayâ⠂¬ . Another division of Shopko is Shopko expresses which is a chain of pharmacies. This division offers limited general goods like merchandise, groceries, beer, liquor, health supplies and other medicines through out the country. Shopko in its 1306 stores sells brand merchandise, great values, pharmacy and optical services and in the 6 Shopko Express Rx stores, company offers high quality merchandise, services and values for customers’ house hold need along with family basics, casual apparel and seasonal products. They pays especial emphasis on the retail health sector. Company pay good amount of care toward stores’ cleanliness and interior decoration along with space and light. Thus creates friendly atmosphere in the shops. In the retail stores, list of brands is endless like Nike, Adidas, Reebok, Kitchen Aid, Fisher-Price & Sony any many others (Shopko, n.d.). Recently the Shopko

Welfare Argumentative Paper Essay Example for Free

Welfare Argumentative Paper Essay Welfare in the United States began during the 1930’s during the great depression to help families and individuals with little to no income with assistance. â€Å"Many Americans were unhappy with the welfare system, claiming that individuals were abusing the welfare program by not applying for jobs, having more children just to get more aid, and staying unmarried so as to qualify for greater benefits. (welfareinfo.org)† The question today is whether or not drug testing for welfare recipients should be allowed. Drug testing for individuals applying for government cash assistance should be mandatory before assistance is granted. Anyone willing to apply for a job or joining the military is subject to random drug tests. Anyone that works and pays taxes helps the welfare system. The reason testing could be justified would be how much fraud is generally found each year alone without drug testing and just by reasonable suspecion. â€Å"The Office of Inspector General (OIG) identified $16.67 million in fraud during Fiscal Year (FY)2011 within multiple Michigan public assistance program areas† (michigan.gov). Drug testing would save the government money and help distribute the benefits more to those who actually need it, by denying those who fail to pass a drug screening when applying. Many of the laws purposed would not deny benefits to the dependents the person may have, just the person applying. The dependent(s) would still receive the necessary help. Also the person who failed the drug test or has an apparent issue with legal substance abuse could be given the correct direction for treatment and get their lives going back in the right direction. Drug testing is unjustifiable, ineffective, potentially unconstitutional, and worst of all being discriminatory. Besides it being an invasion of privacy, it’s in violation of the 4th amendment. Using illicit drugs may not even be the reason they are applying for welfare. People have a choice where they want to work, but not always a choice to need welfare. Also not everyone that is in need has a drug problem or does drugs. The cost to test every applicant would outweigh the amount saved denying benefits for those who tested positive. There are alternatives to drug screening that would cost less and already a part of the applying process. Drug testing is a positive step towards many things in the welfare area, as with any job anyone is subject to random drug testing, why should welfare be exempt? Currently if reasonable suspicion was justified a person would have to submit a test anyways. The benefits show, in 2011, Florida passed the law HB 353 requiring all applicants for TANF benefits to be tested. Applicants must be notified of the drug testing requirement at the time of application, and are required to pay for the test. If they test negative the applicant will be reimbursed for the cost by adding the amount to their benefit check. The results from the first quarter of the law being passed (July-September) show the dramatic impact of Florida’s drug testing requirement for applicants for welfare cash assistance. The requirement has led to a 48 percent drop in monthly approvals, an overall drug-related denial rate of 19 percent, and almost $1.8 million in savings to taxpayers. Denials vary greatly by county, with at least one in three applicants being denied for a drug-related reason in 11 counties and no drug-related denials in another ten counties (floridafga.org). This example shows the potential of savings for the government and taxpayers and also more available funds to the ones really in need. Drug testing applicants has many flaws when it comes to proving if someone may have a problem or is even using illegal drugs. Drug testing fails to show the biggest legal substances being abused by people on or off welfare in America, nicotine and alcohol. Drug testing isn’t even thought of when it comes to unemployment or applying for school financial aid. Drug tests often fail to show the results of people who are using more addictive and more dangerous drugs like heroin, methamphetamine, or cocaine, which can exit the body’s system in a matter of hours or a couple days. Drug testing may have it flaws, but not every person does more addictive and dangerous drugs. If one was doing those types of drugs they would need more than a cash assistance program to provide for their habit. School financial aid or unemployment is excluded because the people were either at one time working and got laid off or injured, and is in school to better themselves for a better job in the long run. Drug testing applicants may also help promote people to stay off drugs, as well as identify people who might have a problem. The biggest issue with people having a drug problem is being disqualified from employment for drug abuse. Drug testing applicants would further help someone who may need help bu t doesn’t know how to get clean, or the right direction towards the correct help they need to stay free from drugs. Being free from drugs would then help someone not need welfare because they would be able to get a regular job in the work world, thus saving the government more money in the long run. The United States seems to be the only country with the issue of drug testing, but this could be a positive thing that could influence other countries around the world. The welfare program isn’t about helping people with drug problems get the correct help they need; it’s about helping those in need of assistance when they are low income or unable to afford their current situation. A bill passed would force drug screening but more than likely not get the person the correct help if there was a problem. The main objective is denying people assistance because of testing positive for drugs. Drug testing for individuals applying for government cash assistance should be mandatory before assistance is granted. The idea of drug testing individuals for eligibility of government assistance has many pros and cons. With many of the strengths being that it will help the funds that are available to help those people truly in need, and not helping people that don’t need help just because they can trick the system. Taxpayers spend a lot of money to help support the welfare system and many want to see the ones that can afford to buy drugs or othe r non-essential items not be part of the equation. Another positive thing could be getting help to those who actually have a drug problem so they don’t have to apply for welfare and can go have a fulfilling job and life. But with all the strengths will come just as many weaknesses. Many of the weaknesses stem from drug testing itself to be immoral. The cost and regulation of drug testing could also hinder the benefits of the program, causing a deficit in the end overall. Many of the drugs tested may not be able to be screened properly, with the 2 mostly abused drugs legal being alcohol and nicotine. Not everyone that is low income has a drug problem or does drugs. The misconception view the public has of low income people is they just want to get free money and not have to work. I think the issue still remains that people do abuse the welfare system, and drug testing can help in part of making things more fair to those truly in need. That is just a stepping stone in a bigger overall solution of the flawed welfare system. One might question their morals before deciding on whether or not they actually need help, and then decide what the right thing to do is. But not everyone has good morals or even questions them when certain instances present themselves. Bibliography durantdemocrat.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from durantdemocrat.com: http://www.durantdemocrat.com/view/full_story/17375795/article-Why-Mandatory-Drug-Testing-for-Welfare-Recipients-is-Wrong-%E2%80%93-FiscallyLegallyand-Morally- floridafga.org. (n.d.). Retrieved from floridafga.org: http://www.floridafga.org/2011/10/floridas-drug-test-law-for-welfare-cash-assistance-first-quarter-facts-2/ michigan.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.michigan.gov/documents/dhs/OIG_2011Annual_Report_384513_7.pdf. NCSL. (n.d.). Retrieved from NCSL: http://www.ncsl.org/issues-research/human-services/drug-testing-and-public-assistance.aspx welfareinfo.org. (n.d.). Retrieved from welfareinfo.org.

Marketing Mix Essay Example for Free

Marketing Mix Essay ABSTRACT You will read why you should purchase the product Xtra laundry detergent over Gain laundry detergent. By learning about the 4P’s in the marketing. I chose to do my marketing report on Xtra laundry detergent. It is interesting to me because maybe people don’t really pay attention to how much money they spend on laundry detergent. Today I will explain to you in my own words the four characteristics of each element of the marketing mix price, product, place and promotion. First is my product is called Xtra laundry detergent. I use all the time it cleans our clothes very well it gets out stains. I know this because my twins played baseball in their pants would always get grass stains and ground into in them an Xtra laundry detergent would get it out. Not only does it clean your clothes well but it comes in all different kinds of sense like the newest one warm vanilla comfort plus they have tropical passion, Mountain rain, Calypso fresh, summer fiesta, spring sunshine that’s my favorite, plus they have more freshness in every load with sent sations plus it’s safe for all washing machines including H*E and from other detergents have oxi clean in them or they come with color safe bleach. I would recommend this detergent to everyone to try and it won’t cost you an arm and a leg. So now that brings us to the price of Xtra laundry detergent. I could also include place into this I went to Wal-Mart and they have Xtra laundry detergent and the cost for it depends on the amount you are wanting you could get 75 fluid ounces for $2.73 and that could wash 50 loads of laundry or hundred and 175 fluid ounces for $5.96 and that could wash 116 loads of laundry or 250 fluid ounces for $7.98 and that washes 166 loads of laundry. Where I live we don’t have a Wal-Mart I usually by my laundry detergent at the Dollar General store in there Xtra laundry detergent cost about the same it is two dollars for 45 fluid ounces of detergent and that will wash 30 loads of laundry and 125 fluid ounces is five dollars and that’s 80 loads of laundry and 250 fluid ounces at the Dollar General store is two cents more than Wal-Mart  it’s eight dollars the same with 75 flui d ounces is $2.75 at the Dollar General it’s two cents more than Wal-Mart, but I will pay the two cents more because I do would pay more than that and gas to drive to go and buy at Wal-Mart. I compared prices with Gain laundry detergent and their prices were $9.97 for 100 fluid ounces that washes 64 loads of laundry but for five dollars you get 125 fluid ounces of the Xtra laundry detergent and it washes 80 loads of laundry sound like a better deal to me. You can also get 150 fluid ounces of Gain for $14.97 and that’s 96 loads of laundry also 50 fluid ounces is $5.97 and that washes 32 loads of laundry anyway want to look at it Xtra is a lot cheaper, but just because it’s cheaper doesn’t mean it does not do a good job that brings us to the last P promotion and even though Xtra laundry detergent doesn’t advertise on TV like Gain they still put coupons or sale promotions in selected stores. They also self-advertise on the bottles of laundry detergent. It says on the 75 fluid ounce detergent 50% more loads versus 50 ounce detergent. It is important for me to be able to find this product at local stores so that it is convenient. Laundry detergent is a product that we will always need to use because it is important to be clean. The price is very important to me because I am a single mother and every penny I have counts and matters, so where ever I can get a good deal really counts and promotion I really listen to people for their opinion on things because I think that you really can trust a real person over a commercial that might be altered to look better than it is.

SICK Score Study Research

SICK Score Study Research Sarah Mohammad Iqbal Chagani This project is pilot study of the clinical student’s preceptor ERC approval research named as â€Å"SICK score study† Introduction to the problem and topic Triaging pediatric patients is a difficult and challenging task as under-triaging could lead to sentinel events and medical errors. Since pediatric patients are more susceptible and less expressive than adult; they deteriorate quickly and many of their signs and symptoms could go either unnoticed or non-prioritized. The increased influx of pediatric patients in ED and changing trends of trained staffing could result in patients being under-triaged or missed resulting in misallocation of limited resources of ED. Numerous scores have been initiated to calculate the severity of illness in children, but all scores have either been introduced in ICU or critical care units. Since Emergency Department serves as the first door to the hospital, it should also have a scoring system so that patients could be sorted accordingly and care is not compromised. WHO has introduced ETAT guidelines for pediatric triage in emergency department but it could only be implemented after proper training and education of staff. A sign of Inflammation in sick children (SICK) score, created by Thompson, has been implemented in ED and is calculated using baseline vital signs and 4 important assessment questions. Since easy to calculate it can be implemented in ED without any specific training as vital signs are taken at the triage and the remaining parameters are verbally assessed but not documented. With this project, if significant sick score could be introduced, children triage could be made efficient and effective. Assessment phase Measurement of vital signs is a routine practice in all triage scales utilized in different hospitals for children visiting emergency department. On previous occasions, it has been seen that a lot of under triaging and over triaging has occurred resulting in missed priority levels of children and patients either being missed or not diagnosed appropriately. On two occasions, oncology pediatric patients were under-triaged resulting in sentinel events of mortality of those children in ED. It is not only important to monitor vital signs at triage but triage staff should be able to calculate severity score so that appropriate allocation of patients could take place. Currently, this hospital utilizes ESI priority system to allocate patients in ED, however, it would be interesting to observe the relationship of SICK score with the outcome of patients and compare it to the Priority levels. Vital signs play a very important role in triaging and disposition decision making of pediatric patients. Respiratory rate, color, nasal flaring all are indicators of pediatric clinical condition, however, pulse oximetry is a non- invasive technique of ruling out the severity of illness in pediatric patients. In a study, pulse oximetry measures were taken to identify the change in treatment plan and decision making of physicians. For 305 patients with Sao2 values less than 95%, the clinicians ordered 81 additional diagnostic tests for 62 patients (20%) and 39 additional treatments for 33 children (11%), and changed or added diagnoses for 25 children (8.2%) (Mower, Sachs, Niscklin, Baraff, 1997). Of this same group, clinicians admitted 50 (68%) children after rechecking the oxygen saturation, whereas 23 children were discharged without having their pulse oximetry rechecked (Mower, Sachs, Niscklin, Baraff, 1997). Furthermore, mortality levels could also be predicted with the vital signs and conscious levels of pediatric patients. Among 1133 patients, abnormality in heart rate and respiratory rates had no effect on the mortality of patients but mortality increased as the age of pediatric patients decreased with Odds ratio being 5.2, 15.4, 42.6, 57.0 and 98.3 (Kumar, Thomas, Singhal, Puliyel Sreenivas, 2003).Unlike heart rate and respiratory rate, abnormal blood pressure, oxygen saturation and conscious levels were found to have a significant (p-value Abnormal vital signs have also been found to have a significant relationship with serious and life threatening infections in pediatric patients. Children with serious infection as compared to minor infection had significantly higher temperature >39C (p,0.001), tachycardia (p,0.001), tachypnea (p = 0.002), oxygen saturations (94% (p2 seconds (p39uC (p = 0.004), tachycardia (p2 seconds (p = 0.001) when compared with minor infection (Thompson, Coad, Harnden, Mayon, Perera Mant, 2009). Planning Phase Purpose The aim of this project is to redesign the triage policy for paediatric patients and all those paediatric patients with higher score will be prioritize earlier for proper disposition and early management, so as to further improve the patient satisfaction and morbidity/mortality outcome. Objectives To predict the disease severity with SICK Score To find association of each independent variable and SICK score with the outcome variable Variables Dependant Variable Outcome of patient Admit Discharge Independent Variable SICK Score Heart Rate Respiratory Rate Temperature Oxygen saturation Systolic BP Capillary Refill Conscious Level Seizures Activity Gender Triage Category Approval and Plan Permissions were taken from ED Clinical Manager and ED Head Nurse to introduce the data collection forms (already approved by ERC AKUH) on the main counter to be attached in the file of all pediatric entries. The Unit Receptionists were informed by Manager and HN regarding the forms and reinforcement was provided by clinical student. E-mails were sent to the rotating PGME pediatric residents and pediatric ED faculty members regarding a brief of the study and requesting for filling of forms. A box was introduced in the pediatric area near the working desk of doctors for collection of data forms. Since the study was already funded by an international agency, therefore, the photocopies of the forms were done by the preceptor as per the need identified by the clinical student. Implementation phase The collected data was entered in SPSS software and codes were given to the categorical data. The sick scores were calculated using software provided by the preceptor. The total forms collected during the three week time was 185 forms but only 100 were included as the remaining had missing information (Diagram 1) The descriptive statistics of the variables revealed mean SICK score of 1.89 and a standard deviation of 0.98with the range between 0.00 – 5.10. Other variable statistics are defined in Table 1. Table 1 As displayed in Table 2, discharge patients accounted for 61% of the population and admission were 39%. It could also be noted that 38% patients lie in the age range 1-5 years and minimum percentage of 6% could be seen in the age range Table 2 On calculating the odds ratio (Table 3), it was found that SICK score had higher odds of 2.123 of patients being admitted to the hospital. Along with this, capillary refill also has higher odds of 2.46 to predict the admission outcome of patient. Table 3 Surprisingly, triage category and conscious levels were found to have no effect on the odds of outcome – indicating either discrepancies in the assessment tool of the study or the training of the triage staff. Consciousness plays a very important role in decision making of the patient but the results of this study are directing towards consciousness level having no effect on the odds of the outcome – which could be an error of the assessment tool. Though the model was 71.7% accurate in predicting the outcome of patient but the results are also implying towards comparing the assessment tool used in the Indian SICK score study and the tool used in this project. Evaluation This project has identified the importance of calculating SICK score in identifying the level of severity of illness in pediatric patients for appropriate triaging and allocation in emergency department. It also indicates that other than the baseline vital signs capillary refill should also be initiated at the triage as on an individual level it has higher odds of determining the outcome of patients. But the results also suggest few errors either in the tool formulated or the triage staff training which needs to corrected before the final study is initiated. Missing values was also a major problem as a lot of forms and patient data had to be removed as the forms were not being filled completely. Recommendation would include comparing the sick score with another simpler scoring system like TOPR and also identifying the relationship between SICK score and the mortality of pediatric patients. References Mower, W. R., Sachs, C., Nicklin, E. L., Baraff, L. J. (1997). Pulse Oximetry as a fifth Pediatric vital sign. Pediatrics. 99(5). 681 – 686. Thompson, M., Coad, N., Harnden, A., Mayon, R., Perera, R., Mant, D. (2009). How well do vital signs identify children with serious infection in pediatric emergency care. Archives of disabled children. 94. 888 – 893. Kumar, N., Thomas, N., Singhal, D., Puliyel, J. M., Sreenivas, V. (2003). Triage score for severity of illness. Indian Pediatrics. 40. 204-210. Retrieved from http://indianpediatrics.net/mar2003/mar-204-210.htm Gupta1 MA, Chakrabarty A, Halstead R, Sahni M, Rangasami J, Puliyel A. et. al. Validation of Signs of Inflammation in Children that Kill (SICK) score for immediate non-invasive assessment of severity of illness. Italian Journal of Pediatrics 2010, 36:35 Bhal S, Tygai V, Kumar N, Sreenivas V, Puliyel JM: Signs of Inflammation in Children that can Kill (SICK score): Preliminary prospective validation of a new non-invasive measure of severity of illness. J Postgrad Med 2006, 52:102-5. Data collection form MR # Age à ¢- ¡ Age bands à ¢- ¡ à ¢- ¡ 1- à ¢- ¡ 12 à ¢- ¡ 60 to à ¢- ¡ >120 months Gender à ¢- ¡ Maleà ¢- ¡ Female Triage Time Triage category (ESI) SICK SCORE Heart rate à ¢- ¡ Respiratory rate à ¢- ¡ Temperature à ¢- ¡ Oxygen saturation à ¢- ¡ Systolic blood pressure à ¢- ¡ CRT à ¢- ¡ ≠¥3 seconds à ¢- ¡ Conscious level à ¢- ¡ Aà ¢- ¡ V à ¢- ¡ P à ¢- ¡ U Seizures à ¢- ¡ Absentà ¢- ¡ Present Outcome à ¢- ¡ Admità ¢- ¡ Dischargeà ¢- ¡ Died Mode of admission à ¢- ¡ Wardà ¢- ¡ PICUà ¢- ¡ NICU

How Children Deal with Death :: Papersb Stages Psychology Essays

How Children Deal with Death Death is hard to deal with for everyone, but for children especially; they view death in various ways at different ages. At these ages children need help and guidance from their parents. The first step is to help them feel a part of the whole experience, doing this will allow them to deal with the death. The rest is counciling and (quick step number two;) the parent’s main part should be to listen while the child talks, doing this is very helpful for understanding the child. This is also very benneficial because it gives the child a chance to get his/her feelings off, this relieves certain tensions. So in order to help children get through the grieving process age and maturity level of the child must be concidered, and council should be centered around the limitations of those statistics. Infants are one group, with no real understanding of death but they can react to the way their parent/s react/s to loss. When the physical love that a parent can provide is suddenly missing, the child does have fears of separation. Infants are also very tuned in to their parents’ feelings of stress and sadness. In relation to these feelings there might be noted physical expressions such as: crying, crankiness, rashes and clinging. How one can handle this is to talk with others about one’s concerns with family members, or even the funeral director; he/she has a good chance of knowing what to do. Seek support and help from family and friends. Parent/s should try spending more time each day with the child to ensure a secure feeling for the child. (Wolfelt) I have learned on the Discovery channel that children who are physically touched develop better and more fully, so loving them patting them and holding them often does worlds of help. (experiment covered by the Discovery channel) For children ages two and a half to five; this is the stage at which the child is likely to confuse death as a reversible event like sleeping. Or the death of someone close to them could be viewed as punishment for something they have done; make sure they know this is not so. Children of this age are egocentric and believe everything that happens to be caused by them or that they will â€Å"catch† death and die as well. A child might also believe death to always be result of violence, this belief might have come from what they see on TV. Behaviors to look for are: the child showing little concern for favorite TV shows, going

Game Theory as it Relates to Abortion in Canada Essay -- Politics

Flanagan’s Status Quo In 1988 abortion legislation was abolished by the supreme court of Canada (Flanagan 120). Current law was deemed to violate a women’s â€Å"security of person† under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (Wikipedia). Drafting and passing abortion legislation became the responsibility of the current Prime Minister and the House of Commons (Flanagan 121). Attempts by Brian Mulroney to introduce abortion legislation into the House of Commons and senate failed repeatedly (Flanagan 121). ) Despite public opinion favoring moderate legislation, abortion in Canada remains unlegislated (Flanagan 121).Under the circumstances stated why does Canadian abortion law remain in a state of limbo? In Game Theory and Canadian Politics Thomas Flanagan attempts to elucidate this seeming anomaly in Canadian politics. Firstly, the inability to pass new legislation is explained by the tendency for the status quo to prevail when a â€Å"cyclical opinion structure†(Flanagan 121) is present in the legislating body (Flanagan 121). Secondly, Flanagan (121) emphasizes how parliamentary outcomes are influenced by the procedures with which legislation is passed. These two points are illuminated and analyzed using aspects of game theory. Rational choice theory is used to analyze the parliamentary procedure and cyclical opinion structure that caused all possible resolutions and amendments introduced into the House of Commons to fail. Than, the game of chicken and extensive form games are introduced to explicate bill C-43’s majority vote in the House of Commons and subsequent failure in the senate. Although enlightening, Flanagan’s analysis lacks in-depth explanations and pertinent aspects of game theory. He comments on the vote’s failure t... ...the outcome is seen to mirror real life events. Finally, certain aspects of Flanagan’s sequential game model were critiqued and found deficient. Although Flanagan’s case study was enlightening, some aspects may be flawed and an enhanced analysis farther explicates the phenomenon of the â€Å"staying power of the status quo.† Works Cited Abortion in Canada." Wikipedia. 01 Apr.-May 2007 . Brams, Steven J. Rational Politics. Washinton, DC: Congressional Quarterly Inc., 1985. Flanagan, Thomas. Game Theory and Canadian Politics. Toronto: University of Toronoto Press, 1999. Gates, Scott, and Brian D. Humes. Games, Information and Politics. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1997. Green, Donald P., and Ian Shapiro. Pathologies of Rational Choice. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1994.

Affirmative Action Essay -- Affirmative Action Essays

Affirmative action is an attempt by the United States to amend a long history of racial and sexual discrimination. But these days it seems to incite, not ease, the nations internal divisions. Opponents of affirmative action say that the battle for equal rights is over, and that requiring quotas that favor one group over another is un-American. The people that defend it say that the playing field is not level, and that providing advantages for minorities and women is fair considering the discrimination those groups tolerated for years. This paper will discuss the history of affirmative action, how it is implemented in society today, and evaluate the arguments that it presents. History of Affirmative Action Affirmative action was really implemented at the height of the civil rights movement in the United States. Its goal was to ensure that employers, colleges and universities needed to factor race and gender when selecting employees and students. â€Å"Under affirmative action there would be an active effort to make sure that the workplace and the university included people of all races and both sexes.†(Hanmer 8). Prior to this in the United States, opportunity did not exist for all. Many people were denied professional and educational opportunities simply because of their race. Affirmative action was to change the way employers hired. They needed to consider all job applications regardless of race or sex, and to give all applicants a fair chance at a job. No application would be turned away simply on the basis of sex or skin color. Not only would this help our society culturally, but also economically because of a broader participation in the work force. Although affirmative action did include all minorities, it may have never become government policy if it were not for the civil rights movement that began 1950’s. The Civil War had ended slavery nearly a century before, but still many African Americans had never been granted full equality. Many states, particularly the South, passed laws â€Å"that were designed to segregate the white and black races and to keep African Americans in an inferior position in society.† (Hamner 21). These laws were called â€Å"Jim Crow laws.† Examples of some o... ...re essential in this country. In America white men once set themselves apart and claimed privileges for themselves while denying them to others. Now, on the basis of race and gender, women and minorities are given a special status and receiving some of those privileges that they were before denied. Works Cited Hanmer, Trudy J., Affirmative Action: Opportunity For All?. New Jersey: Enslow,1993. Bergmann, Barbara R., In Defense of Affirmative Action. New York: BasicBooks, 1996. Jencks, Christopher, et al "http://epn.org/prospect/40/40jencnf.html" The American Prospect 40 (September-October 1998): 44-53. Goldman, Alan H., Justice and Reverse Discrimination. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1979. Rowan, Carl T., The Coming Race War In America. Toronto: Little, Brown and Company, 1996. Sowell, Thomas. ""http://www.bomis.com/cgi-bin/ring.cgi?page=10&ring=sowell"," Issues and Views, Spring 1996

Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Essay

An organized crime is a group of three or more people of a formalized structure and the main object is to obtain money through an illegal activities. This definition is one of many for organized crime, there are five types of organized crime, and there are two models that are used to describe the structure of organized crime and even though both of these are models of organized crime, they are both different. These models are: 1. Bureaucratic or Corporate Model 2. Patron-client or Patrimonial Model The Bureaucratic model is different than Patron-client for the following reasons: * Bureaucratic model is efficiency is the prime factor for large operations or activities. * This model follows the characteristics of Weber’s and Taylor’s model. * Once activities expand, the bureaucratic structure becomes necessary to control the enterprise with rules, hierarchy, specialization, and means of communication. * Some examples of this structure are Colombian cartels and the outlaw biker groups. * A more susceptible to law enforcement efforts The Patron-client model is different than the Bureaucratic Model for the following reasons: * Patron-client is based on bonds that tie organizations together * Provides aid and protection while clients become a loyal member. * Offers the advantage of continuity. * This model is less centralized and has more control over subordinates. * It requires more of a complex law enforcement effort. * Often uninvolved in actual criminal activity and only provides information on targets for the client to rob or steal. Both models are similar in the following reasons: 1. Benefit law enforcement, researchers, society, and professionals 2. Supporting Research, statistics, facts, and convincing arguments 3. Information presented on organizational structure, purpose and cause, members, and clientele 4. These models are tools that provide answers to questions 5. They offer an explanation to why people engage in illegal activities 6. How criminal organizations develop 7. Why most criminal organizations are successful. The models are important for understanding organized crime because each provides a wide range of beneficial information. Models can display what geographical locations are more prone to the development of criminal organizations. It allows us law enforcement the ability to implant methods that will deter, prevent, detect, and apprehend people involved with illegal organizations. There are two different models in an organized crime with both having their differences and similarities, they are both important for understanding an organized crime. References Lyman, M. D., & Potter, G. W. (2007). Organized Crime (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Mallory, PhD, S. L. (2007). Understanding Organized Crime. Sandbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publisher, Inc.

The Vampire Diaries: The Struggle Chapter Seven

â€Å"Next time,† Stefan said quietly, â€Å"I won't leave.† Elena knew he meant it, and it terrified her. But just now her emotions were quietly coasting in neutral, and she didn't want to argue. â€Å"He was there,† she said. â€Å"Inside an ordinary house full of ordinary people, just as if he had every right to be. I wouldn't have thought he would dare.† â€Å"Why not?† Stefan said briefly, bitterly. â€Å"I was there in a ordinary house full of ordinary people, just as if I had every right to be.† â€Å"I didn't mean that the way it sounded. It's just that the only other time I've seen him in public was at the Haunted House when he was wearing a mask and costume, and it was dark. Before that it was always somewhere deserted, like the gym that night I was there alone, or the graveyard†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She knew as soon as she said that last part that it was a mistake. She still hadn't told Stefan about going to find Damon three days ago. In the driver's seat, he stiffened. â€Å"Or the graveyard?† â€Å"Yes†¦ I meant that day Bonnie and Meredith and I got chased out. I'm assuming it must have been Damon who chased us. And the place was deserted except for the three of us.† Why was she lying to him? Because, a small voice in her head answered grimly, otherwise he might snap. Knowing what Damon had said to her, what he had promised was in store, might be all that was needed to send Stefan over the edge. Then he'll never know, she promised herself. No matter what I have to do, I'll keep them from fighting each other over me. No matter what. For a moment, apprehension chilled her. Five hundred years ago, Katherine had tried to keep them from fighting, and had succeeded only in forcing them into a death match. Butshe wouldn't make the same mistake, Elena told herself fiercely. Katherine's methods had been stupid and childish. Who else but a stupid child would kill herself in the hope that the two rivals for her hand would become friends? It had been the worst mistake of the whole sorry affair. Because of it, the rivalry between Stefan and Damon had turned into implacable hatred. And what's more, Stefan had lived with the guilt of it ever since; he blamed himself for Katherine's stupidity and weakness. Groping for another subject, she said, â€Å"Do you think someone invited him in?† â€Å"Obviously, since hewas in.† â€Å"Then it's true about – people like you. You have to be invited in. But Damon got into the gym without an invitation.† â€Å"That's because the gym isn't a dwelling place for the living. That's the one criterion. It doesn't matter if it's a house or a tent or an apartment above a store. If living humans eat and sleep there, we need to be invited inside.† â€Å"But I didn't invite you intomy house.† â€Å"Yes, you did. That first night, when I drove you home, you pushed the door open and nodded to me. It doesn't have to be a verbal invitation. If the intent is there, that's enough. And the person inviting you doesn't have to be someone who actually lives in the house. Any human will do.† Elena was thinking. â€Å"What about a houseboat?† â€Å"Same thing. Although running water can be a barrier in itself. For some of us, it's almost impossible to cross.† Elena had a sudden vision of herself and Meredith and Bonnie racing for Wickery Bridge. Because somehow she had known that if they got to the other side of the river they'd be safe from whatever was after them. â€Å"Sothat's why,† she whispered. It still didn't explain how she'd known, though. It was as if the knowledge had been put into her head from some outside source. Then she realized something else. â€Å"You took me across the bridge. You can cross running water.† â€Å"That's because I'm weak.† It was said flatly, with no emotion behind it. â€Å"It's ironic, but the stronger your Powers are, the more you're affected by certain limitations. The more you belong to the dark, the more the rules of the dark bind you.† Stefan looked at her. â€Å"Yes,† he said, â€Å"I think it's time you knew. The more you know about Damon, the more chance you'll have of protecting yourself.† Of protecting herself? Perhaps Stefan knew more than she thought. But as he turned the car onto a side street and parked, she just said, â€Å"Okay. Should I be stocking up on garlic?† He laughed. â€Å"Only if you want to be unpopular. There are certain plants, though, that might help you. Like vervain. That's an herb that's supposed to protect you against bewitchment, and it can keep your mind clear even if someone is using Powers against you. People used to wear it around their necks. Bonnie would love it; it was sacred to the Druids.† â€Å"Vervain,† said Elena, tasting the unfamiliar word. â€Å"What else?† â€Å"Strong light, or direct sunlight, can be very painful. You'll notice the weather's changed.† â€Å"I've noticed,† said Elena after a beat. â€Å"You mean Damon's doing that?† â€Å"He must be. It takes enormous power to control the elements, but it makes it easy for him to travel in daylight. As long as he keeps it cloudy, he doesn't even need to protect his eyes.† â€Å"And neither do you,† Elena said. â€Å"What about – well, crosses and things?† â€Å"No effect,† said Stefan. â€Å"Except that if the person holding onebelieves it's a protection, it can strengthen their will to resist tremendously.† â€Å"Uh†¦ silver bullets?† Stefan laughed again shortly. â€Å"That's for werewolves. From what I've heard they don't like silver in any form. A wooden stake through the heart is still the approved method for my kind. There are other ways that are more or less effective, though: burning, beheading, driving nails through the temples. Or, best of all – â€Å" â€Å"Stefan!† The lonely, bitter smile on his face dismayed her. â€Å"What about changing into animals?† she said. â€Å"Before, you said that with enough Power you could do that. If Damon can be any animal he likes, how will we ever recognize him?† â€Å"Not any animal he likes. He's limited to one animal, or at the most two. Even with his Powers I don't think he could sustain any more than that.† â€Å"So we keep looking out for a crow.† â€Å"Right. You may be able to tell if he's around, too, by looking at regular animals. They usually don't react very well to us; they sense that we're hunters.† â€Å"Yangtze kept barking at that crow. It was as if he knew there was something wrong about it,† Elena remembered. â€Å"Ah†¦ Stefan,† she added in a changed tone as a new thought struck her, â€Å"what about mirrors? I don't remember ever seeing you in one.† There was nothing to do but hold on to him, and Elena did. â€Å"I love you,† she whispered. It was the only comfort she could give him. It was all they had. His arms tightened around her; his face was buried in her hair. â€Å"You're the mirror,† he whispered back. It was good to feel him relax, tension flowing out of his body as warmth and comfort flowed in. She was comforted, too, a sense of peace infusing her, surrounding her. It was so good that she forgot to ask him what he meant until they were at her front door, saying good-bye. â€Å"I'm the mirror?† she said then, looking up at him. â€Å"You've stolen my soul,† he said. â€Å"Lock the door behind you, and don't open it again tonight.† Then he was gone. â€Å"Elena, thank heavens,† said Aunt Judith. When Elena stared at her, she added, â€Å"Bonnie called from the party. She said you'd left unexpectedly, and when you didn't come home I was worried.† â€Å"Stefan and I went for a ride.† Elena didn't like the expression on her aunt's face when she said that. â€Å"Is there a problem?† â€Å"No, no. It's just†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Aunt Judith didn't seem to know how to finish her sentence. â€Å"Elena, I wonder if it might be a good idea to†¦ not see quite so much of Stefan.† Elena went still. â€Å"You, too?† â€Å"It isn't that I believe the gossip,† Aunt Judith assured her. â€Å"But, for your own sake, it might be best to get a little distance from him, to – â€Å" â€Å"To dump him? To abandon him because people are spreading rumors about him? To keep myself away from the mudslinging in case any of it sticks on me?† Anger was a welcome release, and the words crowded in Elena's throat, all trying to get out at once. â€Å"No, Idon't think that's a good idea, Aunt Judith. And if it were Robert we were talking about, you wouldn't either. Or maybe you would!† â€Å"Elena, I will not have you speaking to me in that tone – â€Å" â€Å"I'm finished anyway!† Elena cried, and whirled blindly for the stairs. She managed to keep the tears back until she was in her own room with the door locked. Then she threw herself on the bed and sobbed. She dragged herself up a while later to call Bonnie. Bonnie was excited and voluble. What on earth did Elena mean, had anything unusual happened after she and Stefan left? The unusual thing was their leaving! No, that new guy Damon hadn't said anything about Stefan afterward; he'd just hung around for a while and then disappeared. No, Bonnie hadn't seen if he left with anybody. Why? Was Elena jealous? Yes, Elena immediately deduced that Alaric Saltzman's eyes were hazel. She got off the phone at last and only then remembered the note she'd found in her purse. She should have asked Bonnie if anyone had gone near her purse while she was in the dining room. But then, Bonnie and Meredith had been in the dining room part of the time themselves. Someone might have done it then. The very sight of the violet paper made her taste tin at the back of her mouth. She could hardly bear to look at it. But now that she was alone shehad to unfold it and read it again, all the time hoping that somehow this time the words might be different, that she might have been mistaken before. But they weren't different. The sharp, clean block letters stood out against the pale background as if they were ten feet high. I want to touch him. More than any boy I've ever known. And I know he wants it, too, but he's holding back on me. Her words. From her diary. The one that had been stolen. The next day Meredith and Bonnie rang her doorbell. â€Å"Stefan called me last night,† said Meredith. â€Å"He said he wanted to make sure you weren't walking to school alone. He's not going to be at school today, so he asked if Bonnie and I could come over and walk with you. â€Å"Escort you,† said Bonnie, who was clearly in a good mood. â€Å"Chaperone you. I think it's terribly sweet of him to be so protective.† â€Å"He's probably an Aquarius, too,† said Meredith. â€Å"Come on, Elena, before I kill her to shut her up about Alaric.† Elena walked in silence, wondering what Stefan was doing that kept him from school. She felt vulnerable and exposed today, as if her skin were on inside out. One of those days when she was ready to cry at the drop of a hat. On the office bulletin board was tacked a piece of violet paper. She should have known. Shehad known somewhere deep inside. The thief wasn't satisfied with letting her know her private words had been read. He was showing her they could be made public. She ripped the note off the board and crumpled it, but not before she glimpsed the words. In one glance they were seared onto her brain. I feel as if someone has hurt him terribly in the past and he's never gotten over it. But I also think there's something he's afraid of, some secret he's afraid I'll find out. â€Å"Elena, what is that? What's the matter? Elena, come back here!† â€Å"Okay,† said Meredith loudly, â€Å"senior privilege. You!† She rapped on the only closed door. â€Å"Come out.† Some rustling, then a bewildered freshman emerged. â€Å"But I didn't even – â€Å" â€Å"Out. Outside,† Bonnie ordered. â€Å"Andyou ,† she said to the girl washing her hands, â€Å"stand out there and make sure nobody comes in.† â€Å"But why? What are you – â€Å" â€Å"Move, chick. If anybody comes through that door we're holding you responsible.† When the door was closed again, they rounded on Elena. â€Å"Okay, this is a stickup,† said Meredith. â€Å"Come on, Elena, give.† Elena ripped the last tiny shred of paper, caught between laughter and tears. She wanted to tell them everything, but she couldn't. She settled for telling them about the diary. They were as angry, as indignant, as she was. â€Å"It had to be someone at the party,† Meredith said at last, once they had each expressed their opinion of the thief's character, morals, and probable destination in the afterlife. â€Å"But anybody there could have done it. I don't remember anyone in particular going near your purse, but that room was wall-to-wall people, and it could have happened without my noticing.† â€Å"But why would anyonewant to do this?† Bonnie put in. â€Å"Unless†¦ Elena, the night we found Stefan you were hinting around at some things. You said you thought you knew who the killer was.† â€Å"I don't think I know; Iknow. But if you're wondering if this might be connected, I'm not sure. I suppose it could be. The same person might have done it.† Bonnie was horrified. â€Å"But that means the killer is a student at this school!† When Elena shook her head, she went on. â€Å"The only people at that party who weren't students were that new guy and Alaric.† Her expression changed. â€Å"Alaric didn't kill Mr. Tanner! He wasn't even in Fell's Church then.† â€Å"I know. Alaric didn't do it.† She'd gone too far to stop now; Bonnie and Meredith already knew too much. â€Å"Damon did.† â€Å"That guy was thekiller ? The guy thatkissed me?† â€Å"Bonnie, calm down.† As always, other people's hysteria made Elena feel more in control. â€Å"Yes, he's the killer, and we all three have to be on guard against him. That's why I'm telling you. Never, never ask him into your house.† Elena stopped, regarding the faces of her friends. They were staring at her, and for a moment she had the sickening feeling that they didn't believe her. That they were going to question her sanity. â€Å"Yes. I'm sure. He's the murderer and the one who put Stefan in the well, and he might be after one of us next. And I don't know if there's any way to stop him.† â€Å"Well, then,† said Meredith, lifting her eyebrows. â€Å"No wonder you and Stefan were in such a hurry to leave the party.† Caroline gave Elena a vicious smirk as Elena walked into the cafeteria. But Elena was almost beyond noticing. One thing she noticed right away, though. Vickie Bennett was there. Vickie hadn't been to school since the night Matt and Bonnie and Meredith had found her wandering on the road, raving about mist and eyes and something terrible in the graveyard. The doctors who checked her afterward said there was nothing much wrong with her physically, but she still hadn't returned to Robert E. Lee. People whispered about psychologists and the drug treatments they were trying. She didn't look crazy, though, Elena thought. She looked pale and subdued and sort of crumpled into her clothing. And when Elena passed her and she looked up, her eyes were like a startled fawn's. It was strange to sit at a half-empty table with only Bonnie and Meredith for company. Usually people were crowding to get seats around the three of them. â€Å"We didn't finish talking this morning,† Meredith said. â€Å"Get something to eat, and then we'll figure out what to do about those notes.† â€Å"I'm not hungry,† said Elena flatly. â€Å"And whatcan we do? If it's Damon, there's no way we can stop him. Trust me, it's not a matter for the police. That's why I haven't told them he's the killer. There isn't any proof, and besides, they would never†¦ Bonnie, you're not listening.† â€Å"Sorry,† said Bonnie, who was staring past Elena's left ear. â€Å"But something weird is going on up there.† Elena turned. Vickie Bennett was standing at the front of the cafeteria, but she no longer seemed crumpled and subdued. She was looking around the room in a sly and assessing manner, smiling. â€Å"Well, she doesn't look normal, but I wouldn't say she was beingweird , exactly,† Meredith said. Then she added, â€Å"Wait a minute.† Vickie was unbuttoning her cardigan. But it was theway she was doing it – with deliberate little flicks of her fingers, all the while looking around with that secretive smile – that was odd. When the last button was undone, she took the sweater daintily between forefinger and thumb and slid it down over first one arm and then the other. She dropped the sweater on the floor. â€Å"Weird is the word,† confirmed Meredith. Students crossing in front of Vickie with laden trays glanced at her curiously and then looked back over their shoulders when they had passed. They didn't actually stop walking, though, until she took off her She did it gracefully, catching the heel of one pump on the toe of the other and pushing it off. Then she kicked off the second pump. â€Å"She can't keep going,† murmured Bonnie, as Vickie's fingers moved to the simulated pearl buttons on her white silk blouse. Heads were turning; people were poking one another and gesturing. Around Vickie a small group had gathered, standing far enough back that they didn't interfere with everyone else's view. The white silk blouse rippled off, fluttering like a wounded ghost to the floor. Vickie was wearing a lacy off-white slip underneath. There was no longer any sound in the cafeteria except the sibilance of whispers. No one was eating. The group around Vickie had gotten larger. Vickie smiled demurely and began to unfasten clasps at her waist. Her pleated skirt fell to the floor. She stepped out of it and pushed it to one side with her foot. Somebody stood up at the back of the cafeteria and chanted, â€Å"Take itoff! Take itoff!† Other voices joined in. â€Å"Isn't anybody going to stop her?† fumed Bonnie. Elena got up. The last time she'd gone near Vickie the other girl had screamed and struck out at her. But now, as she got close, Vickie gave her the smile of a conspirator. Her lips moved, but Elena couldn't make out what she was saying over the chanting. â€Å"Come on, Vickie. Let's go,† she said. Vickie's light brown hair tossed and she plucked at the strap of her slip. Elena stooped to pick up the cardigan and wrap it around the girl's slender shou lders. As she did, as she touched Vickie, those half-closed eyes opened wide like a startled fawn's again. Vickie stared about her wildly, as if she'd just been awakened from a dream. She looked down at herself and her expression turned to disbelief. Pulling the cardigan around her more tightly, she backed away, shivering. The room was quiet again. â€Å"It's okay,† said Elena soothingly. â€Å"Come on.† At the sound of her voice, Vickie jumped as if touched by a live wire. She stared at Elena, and then she exploded into action. â€Å"You're one of them! I saw you! You're evil!† She turned and ran barefoot out of the cafeteria, leaving Elena stunned.

Relationships Between Parents and Children

For Law and Order I have finally reached old age and have seen others go before me. But, are these my golden years, my retirement years? No! I have paid my dues, but do I have peace and quiet that goes with old age? Not at all! I asked for help with my grandson before he was 16 years old. He needed counseling then and he still needs counseling. I visited the school psychologist here in Lindenhurst. Her answer to me was: †It's your fault, he should have his own room, to think, to be alone if he wants. ‘ My grandson took a baseball bat to my living room furniture and broke many good pieces. Every wall in this three-room room apartment has holes, either big holes or holes from Chinese stars. I went to Family Court in Hauppauge for help. †Your honor, I just want two or three months. I can't deal with cancer and this child, too. † He told me it was my problem. †Your honor, this child needs counseling. † My problem again. His law guardian at this time informed my grandson that he had all the rights. He didn't have to go to school, work or have counseling. He didn't have to do anything he didn't want to do because he would be taken care of until 21 years old. It was my duty to supply food, clothing, shelter, pay medical bills. No control, but I must pay. I went to Columbia Presbyterian Hospital for a complete hysterectomy. When I came home I was alone. I had no one to help me and I was weak. My grandson put another big hole in the wall. I called head of probation for help. He told me to leave my apartment. Here I was holding my abdomen, in a bathrobe and cold winter outside. Where was I to go? This is my apartment. I pay all the bills. He told me to leave the apartment to my grandson and when my grandson could not pay the rent, the landlord would put him out. I asked, †What about all my possessions that I worked for all my life? † He told me, †Leave! † It is almost two years later and I still hurt in my abdomen from when I screamed that day at my grandson for putting that big hole in the wall. I have called the police at least four times. It is all a big joke. More teeth have to be put into the laws concerning these children. From that patronizing school psychologist, to the indifferent judge trying to save the state money, to the misogynist head of probation, to the police who keep throwing the ball around and not writing the truth on their report to the Police Department. All are getting good salaries but not really doing the job well that they are getting paid to do. My daughter died, my husband died and I, the old woman, compelled by law to take care of this child, now still a child in an 18-year-old man's body weighing 250 pounds. The law has to change from 16 to 18 years old. Children should not be given authority to do as they please in the parent's home. Law and order is missing because no one cares This article shows how the relationship between children and parents can turn out due to differences or not giving the freedom to children. In Romeo and Juliet, Juliet as an awkward relationship with her mother and they don’t agree on the same things. This article relates because it shows how some people who don’t get along with their parents can get emancipated meaning there parents are legally not allowed to look after their children and providing daily necessities . Reference

Agriculture in the Uae Essay

Agriculture in the UAE Lying in the heart of the world’s arid zone, the UAE has little rainfall and one would expect it to be a barren place. Barren places there certainly are, but the process of desertification has very largely been arrested in the country. It is now possible to see forests, fields of grass and wheat where once there were only desert sands and winds. The UAE has a long tradition of agriculture in its oases where crops have been grown for 5000 years. Underground water was chandelled to palm groves and small fields and the technique is still used today. Since the formation of the UAE in 1971, this small scale traditional farming has been complemented by investment that has seen thousands of hectares being cultivated. In the past 25 years, the country’s population has increased ten-fold and agricultural production has kept pace with this growth. The country is self-sufficient in salad crops and poultry for much of the year and even exports crops to markets in Europe. Most of the UAE’s agricultural production comes from four areas: from in and around Al Ain, from a narrow but fertile strip along the east coast, from the oasis of Dhaid east of Sharjah and from the gravel plains in Ras al Khaimah. According to figures from the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, agricultural production stands at over Dh 2 billion per year. An average crop season yields over 600,000 tons of crops such as tomatoes, cucumbers, aubergines, lettuce, cabbage and animal feed. Studies have shown that much of the country’s soil can be cultivated provided there is water and as a result, there has been an extensive programme to drill water wells. The government will prepare land for local farmers which they are then given free along with seeds, machinery and advice on pest control. There is also government-funded research on different crops to see how they adapt to the local climate. In an attempt to conserve and use as much water as possible in as many ways as possible, the government has embarked on a three-part programme designed to make the most advantageous use of this scarce resource. First, farmers are given advice on how to reduce their consumption of water, mainly through trickle irrigation. Desalinated water as well as recycled and purified sewage effluent is used. Second, with the help of the United States Geological Survey, the government is searching for ew aquifers and monitoring current rates of extraction. Third and last, to prevent the waste of valuable rainwater, retention dams have been constructed in many areas. These store the water until it can be used for irrigation. Tens of millions of gallons of rainwater are being retained by the dams already built throughout the Emirates. In the long run, of course, it is realized that desalinated water will provide the bulk of agricultural water. There is more to agriculture than simply growing crops. One area that has seen dramatic growth is the keeping of poultry for meat and eggs. The same is true of dairy products. Herds of imported cattle have adapted to the climate and are now producing milk, cheese and yogurt for the local market. The presence of trees and gardens in the UAE is always noticed and commented upon by visitors. Over 10 million trees have been planted plus more than 18 million palm trees. In all the cities and towns of the UAE, there have been beautification campaigns with the creation of parks and gardens for the local people. Any householder, even those in flats, can get free plants from the Municipality under a programme that distributes thousands of plants annually. Besides the greening of the cities and towns there has also been a massive programme in the desert and it is here that most of the trees have been planted. Flying over the desert, one now sees great patches of green where formerly there was only sand. All kinds of arid region plants, both local and imported, have been planted and as they grow to maturity, their roots reach down to the natural water supply. When this happens, they will be able to survive with little care and attention. The face of the land and the environment too have been changed. Wildlife flourishes as do native plants and animals. The UAE was never purely and simply a desert. Today it has become a place where greenery can be seen in both urban and rural areas. Twenty years of dedicated commitment have made the point that the process of desertification is reversible. And given time and money, that is exactly what has happened and is continuing to happen.

A Study of why Gladiatorial Contests Took Place in Ancient Rome

A Study of why Gladiatorial Contests Took Place in Ancient Rome After the Carthage in 201 BC, the Roman Empire embarked through a dangerous time period where all gladiatorial fights were all the hype. The article â€Å"Murderous Games: Gladiatorial Contests in Ancient Rome† by Keith Hopkins, discusses the fights and how they were used for entertainment purpose; where war was considered â€Å"fun†. And at the time, Roman Empire consisted of 50 to 60 million people, which was one-fifth/one-sixth of the world’s population. The Roman Empire was a warrior state where animals and people were sacrificed. People of all backgrounds were sacrificed for funerals and for entertainment purposes. In this analysis, I will discuss their purpose, the animals involved, and Rome’s present ever since that time period. The purpose behind the gladiatorial fight was for pure entertainment. Rome was a cruel place where people were used for dangerous malpractices. At the time, Gladiatorial fights were acceptable in their eyes, but in today’s society, it is considered unethical. People worshipped the gladiators like they were pop-stars. They were famous and considered the greatest people in Rome; they were considered heroes to public. People also supported the gladiatorial fights due to fear, and if they objected against it, they were soon faced with the same dilemma as the gladiators, death. And when people went to the arena as the audience, and one time there was not enough criminals to be condemned to death, so instead they killed a crowd of people to the wild animals. The emperor was the one person that made the decisions. He made that decision because, sometimes, things did not go the way he would have liked them to. In many occasions, the audience would object and ask for favors, such as lowering their taxes, food, or an execution of a different person. But sometimes the people who were shouting were going to the consequences. During this time period, the emperor made the decisions and the people’s lives where in the hands of the emperor. Animals were also involved in this cruel activity that was a sport. A large amount of animals were used as entertainment and later put to die. Some of the many animals involved included elephants, ostriches, lions, and much more. Criminals, animals, and slaves, and other people were put inside the arenas to fight, and many of them did not survive; no one actually comes out alive. On a day there were 3,000 people who fought (included men and woman) and 5,000 animals that were killed in the arena. That shows how big the arena was, which also included more room for 50,000 people to watch. One of the biggest shows was the show made by the Emperor Trajan to celebrate his defeat against Dacia. The fight lasted throughout 123 days; with 9,138 gladiators fighting and 11,000 animals killed. The emperor then later started to introduce more animals; animals like crocodiles, rhinoceros, giraffes, and tigers. At one point, the amount of hippopotamuses started to decrease more and more until one was brought from Europe through a steamship from London. Wild animals seemed to have been decreasing over that time period due to the tremendous amount of fights. Rome has changed ever since those time periods, making it an important part of history. People of all backgrounds were killed- who were criminals, slaves, Christians, and even people from the crowds- and for the emperor’s entertainment. Rome was a cruel society where cruelty was a way of life. People died for the public’s selfish needs of entertainment. There were no laws against those actions that brought brutality into the lives of the Romans. Many people looked up to the people that did not show them the true meaning of being hero, and instead they looked up to gladiators who harmed others where many of them were innocent.

The Man, the Message, the Mission Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Man, the Message, the Mission - Article Example Walker focused in his undertakings and at the age of twelve became an organist at the Providence Baptist Church. Charles concentrated on participation in numerous musical activities in the church, because of his family’s close affiliation with the church. His collaboration with the churches intensified as he matured into adulthood leading to his appointment as the revival leader and a pianist in the churches. At the positions served Dr. Charles Walker maintained high level of integrity that earned him respect and love from many people. After High school graduation in 1953, he won a scholarship to study with Alexander and Ming Tchere prin at the Chicago’s DePaul University, School of music. He graduated from the university with Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in music with specialization in piano music. Walker studied song coordination with Paul Stassevitch, organ with Herman Pedtke and coached with Rudolph Ganz of Chicago College of Performing Arts. He became the first Black American student, to become president of Beta Pi music fraternity at the University. He succeeded in the position because of the leadership skills peers saw in him. Reverend Dr. Charles Walker extended his musical studies in Paris France at L’ecole Magda Taliaferro and performed many concerts in France, Germany, and Hungary. He also played with the New Orleans Philharmonic Orchestra, while serving as an artist-in-residence at Southern University in Barton Rouge, Louisiana. He kept displaying and performing his art in music in other concerts where he excelled. While globally performing his arts, DR. Walker finally accepted a call to the ministry and joined Colgate Divinity School to finish his studies. He later attained ordainment as a minister and served as a pastor of the Nineteenth Street Baptized Church for 40 years. As an internationally celebrated concert pianist, composer, conductor, and musicologist, Dr. Walker, had the opportunity to merge